Semicentralized Supply and Treatment Systems for Urban Areas First Implementation in Qingdao, China

Abstract

The SEMIZENTRAL approach has been developed for fast growing cities, to meet their challenges regarding water supply, biowaste, and wastewater treatment. In the Chinese coastal city of Qingdao, the worldwide first full-scale SEMIZEN-TRAL Resource Recovery Center has been implemented for 12,000 population equivalents. Based on a Reference Design material flows and process technology were adapted to the local requirements. The paper evaluates the influence of the adapted material flows on process technology and energy balance.